TED演讲 Johan Rockstrom Sustainability.docx

Let the Environment Guide Our DevelopmentBy Johan Rockstrom, Sustainability ExpertWe live on a human-dominated planet, putting unprecedented pressure on the systems on Earth. This is bad news, but perhaps surprising to you, its also part of the good news. Were the first generation -- thanks to science -- to be informed that we may be undermining the stability and the ability of planet Earth to support human development as we know it. Its also good news, because the planetary risks were facing are so large, that business as usual is not an option. In fact, were in a phase where transformative change is necessary, which opens the window for innovation, for new ideas and new paradigms. This is a scientific journey on the challenges facing humanity in the global phase of sustainability. 0:55 On this journey, Id like to bring, apart from yourselves, a good friend, a stakeholder, whos always absent when we deal with the negotiations on environmental issues, a stakeholder who refuses to compromise -- planet Earth. So I thought Id bring her with me today on stage, to have her as a witness of a remarkable journey, which humbly reminds us of the period of grace weve had over the past 10,000 years. This is the living conditions on the planet over the last 100,000 years. Its a very important period -- its roughly half the period when weve been fully modern humans on the planet. Weve had the same, roughly, abilities that developed civilizations as we know it. This is the environmental conditions on the planet. 1:37 Here, used as a proxy, temperature variability. It was a jumpy ride. 80,000 years back in a crisis, we leave Africa, we colonize Australia in another crisis, 60,000 years back, we leave Asia for Europe in another crisis, 40,000 years back, and then we enter the remarkably stable Holocene phase, the only period in the whole history of the planet, that we know of, that can support human development. A thousand years into this period, we abandon our hunting and gathering