读书报告,英文.docx

硕士研究生读书报告姓 名： 郜志栋 学科、专业： 果树学 研究方向： 果树生物技术 指导教师： 温鹏飞 2012年12月12日Advances in the transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathwayAbstract: Flavonoids are secondary metabolites involved in several aspects of plant development and defence. They colour fruits and flowers, favouring seed and pollen dispersal, and contribute to plant adaptation to environmental conditions such as cold or UV stresses, and pathogen attacks. Because they affect the quality of flowers (for horticulture), fruits and vegetables, and their derivatives (colour, aroma, stringency, etc.), flavonoids have a high economic value. Furthermore, these compounds possess pharmaceutical properties extremely attractive for human health. Thanks to easily detectable mutant phenotypes, such as modification of petal pigmentation and seeds exhibiting transparent testa, the enzymes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway have been characterized in several plant species. Conserved features as well as specific differences have been described. Regulation of structural gene expression appears tightly organized in a spatial and temporal way during plant development, and is orchestrated by a ternary complex involving transcription factors from the R2R3-MYB, basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH), and WD40 classes. This MYB–bHLH–WD40 (MBW) complex regulates the genes that encode enzymes specifically involved in the late steps of the pathway leading to the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and condensed tannins. Key words: bHLH, flavonoids, MYB, transcription factors, WD40.IntroductionFlavonoid compounds are secondary metabolite s widely accumulated in vascular plants and to a lesser extent in mosses. They accumulate in all organs and tissues, at different stage s of development, and depending on the environmental conditions. Beside their multiple roles in plant development and adaptation to the environment, these molecules are of major interest for human nutrition and health . Indeed, they contribute