语法填空和改错题的考点.docx

语法填空和改错题的考点：时态、语态、非谓语涉及谓语时态语态，非谓语，（虚拟语气，强调句是冷门）做题指导：1. 分清句子的主干和枝干是解题的关键。2. 做题三步骤：a.分析句子结构，确定设空部分的句子成分（主语，谓语，定语，状语，还是宾补）,分清设空部分是谓语还是非谓语；b. 如果做非谓语，要注意核查其与相关逻辑主语的逻辑关系（主动或被动），辨别其与谓语的动作发生时间的先后关系；c. 特别要注意句中的标点符号如“，”。3. 谓语动词的形式有：（以do为例） 一般现在时 ___________________ 被动形式_________________一般过去时____________________ 被动形式_________________ 一般将来时____________________ 被动形式_________________ 现在进行时____________________ 被动形式_________________过去进行时____________________ 被动形式_________________将来进行时____________________ 现在完成时____________________ 被动形式_________________ 过去完成时____________________ 被动形式_________________ 现在完成进行时________________4. 非谓语的形式有：（以do为例） to do（主动，将来） doing（主动，进行） done（被动，完成）5-8关于非谓语：非谓语的主动表被动： give me some book to read; He is not easy to get along with; He is to blame for this; The book is worth reading; The room requires cleaning; 6. there be 结构中的非谓语： It would be surprising for there to be no objections.（类似for sb. to do结构） You expect there to be a lecture this afternoon.（作expect, mean, want等宾语） There being no further business, the chairman closed the meeting. (作状语)7. 几种复合结构的用法： a. It is expensive for us to use electricity for cooking. b. I can’t imagine George’s sailing across the ocean in a boat. c. The children having been seated, the meeting began. d. Weather permitting, we’ll play golf this afternoon. e. With much homework to do, I refused the invitation to Mary’s birthday party.8. 几种固定表达法： regarding, concerning, considering, including, supposing, judging from, talking of, taking all things into consideration, generally speaking, to be honest, to begin with, to tell the truth, to make matters worse…9-11 关于谓语：对谓语时态的确定特别注意上下文语境，挖掘隐含信息，找到突破口。几种易混时态：一般现在时与现在进行时、一般过去式与现在完成时、一般过去式与过去完成时、过去完成时与现在完成时。9.几种常用句式：It is/has been 10 years since he left. It was/had been 10 years since he _________(leave). It is the first time that she __________(visit) Beijing. It was the first time that she ___________(visit) Beijing.By the time John gets home, his mo