研究生英语阅读教程中高级本UNIT10翻译.doc

Unit 10 Student Motivation To Learn. 学生学习动机 Motivation is an internal state or condition (sometimes described as a need, desire, or want ) that serves to activate or energize behavior and give it direction . Student motivation has to do with students’ desire to participate in the learning process. What factors influence the development of students’ motivation? How can motivation to learn be fostered? The article gives the explanations. 动机是一种激励或者刺激人们行为并指引行为方向的内部状态或状况（有时也是一种需要，渴望，或者意愿）。学生的学习动机必须和他们参与学习过程的意愿联系在一起。哪些因素会影响学生学习动机的养成呢？怎样才能培养学习动机呢？这篇文章给出了详细的说明。 Infants and young children appear to be propelled by curiosity, driven by an intense need to explore, interact with, and make sense of their environment. As one author puts it, Rarely does one hear parents complain that their pre-schooler is unmotivated (James Raffini 1993). 不管是婴儿还是小孩，他们看起来都会受好奇心的推动，受探索自然，融入并探索自然的强烈需要的驱使。象一个作家所提的，“没有谁听家长说他们的小孩在学前是不积极的。 Unfortunately, as children grow, their passion for learning frequently seems to shrink. Learning often becomes associated with drudgery instead of delight. A large number of students--more than one in four--leave school before graduating. Many more are physically present in the classroom but largely mentally absent; they fail to invest themselves fully in the experience of learning. 不幸的是，随着孩子的成长，他们学习的热情降低了。学习经常变成了一件苦差事而并非乐事。有超过1/4的大量学生辍学。而更多的是身在曹营，心在汉；他们根本不能全身心地投入学习。 Awareness of how students attitudes and beliefs about learning develop and what facilitates learning for its own sake can assist educators in reducing student apathy. 了解学生关于学习发展的态度和信念，及凭自学兴趣的情况，这将帮助教育工作者降低学生学习的冷漠态度。 What is student motivation? 什么是学生的动机？ Student motivation naturally has to do with students desire to participate in the learning process. But it also concerns the reasons or goals that underlie their involvement or noninvolvement in academic activities. Although students may be equally motivated to perform a task, the sources of their motivation may differ. 学生学习的动机通常与学生在学习的过程中参与学习意愿有关。但也与