阅读理解猜测词义题型.doc

猜测词义题 本类考题解答锦囊 英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。 任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。此类题的提问形式一般有： 1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to... ? 2. The underlined word, means_______. 3. The underlined phrase, means_______. 4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______. 利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种： 1.根据定义或解释猜测词义 【例题】 (1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year. 根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。 (2)A biography is the story of a persons life written by someone else 根据定义， biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。 (3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy. 2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。 【例题】 (1)He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.根据耻下文学语境意义，可悟出 quickly 与 hasty 同义。 (2)Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy(美味), we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.根据上下文语境意义得知 raw meat 即是 meat that is uncooked. Raw 与 uncooked 表示相同意思生的，未煮过的。 (3)--1 think we are being watched. --Really? What makes you think we are under surveillance?根据语境，可判断出 being watched -15 under surveillance 是同义关系。 (4)During the concert, the children were quiet but afterwards, they became boiaterous. but 表示转折意思，因此 bomterous 是 quiet 的反义词，意思为吵吵嚷嚷的。 (5)Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy person,who does not like to go to parties,or to make new friends. unlike 是关键词，它表示Jane与她的姐姐完全不同。根据后面对Jane的描述“…ashyper son,．．．not like to go parties or to make new froends，可得知gregarious的意思是好交际的。 3．根据举例 【例题】 (1)Scientists are studying how birds such ternsmigrate． 根据举例法(such as)，得知terns是一种鸟。 (2)Today young couples whoare just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances?for example，washing--