2016 词义猜测八法.doc

词义猜测题解题技能 1)四类生词类型： (1) 旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义； (2) 合成词、转化词与派生词如shoplifting，heartbroken，computer-literate，imperfect等； (3) “灵活”的常用词增多，这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解： (4) 超纲生词。如：《大纲》之外的和熟词新意的生词． 猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面，每年在高考阅读中都有猜测词义的试题。掌握正确方法快速而又准确地猜测出生词的含义，对提高阅读速度和答题效率相当重要。 2)常见的考查形式： (1) The phrase “…” in the sentence could be replaced by ______ (2) The word “…” in the paragraph refers to ______ (3) What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? (4) What does the unlined word mean? (5) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “…” ? (6) The word “…” most nearly means ______ 上下文暗示法 即利用所出现生词的上下文与其意义上的联系或下文进一步的叙述, 猜测词义。 1.The female mosquito is a vampire and lives on blood. 如不知道vampire的词义, 从上文1ives on blood(*吸血而生存)则可得知其词义为吸血昆虫。 2.The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. 如不知道spectacles的词义, 从下文戴上＇spectacles＇后开始阅读可猜得其词义为眼镜。 3.I＇m sorry I＇ve been monopolizing you. Your other dinner companion should have the chance to talk to you, too. 根据第二个句子的意思, 可猜出monopolize之意为独占。 4.If I were a boy again, I would practise perseverance oftener, and never give up a thing because it was hard or inconvenient. 根据and never give up a thing ...可猜测perseverance之意为坚韧不拔 . 5.Pigeons have a natural instinct to return home, even if they are far away and the trip is hard or dangerous. 根据后半句让步状语从句, 可猜测instinct为本能。 6.14,000 sanitation workers who carry off, yearly, three million tons of refuse and keep 7,500 miles of streets clean and free of snow. 从上下文可猜出sanitation workers为环卫工人。 7.Our earth is very old. It holds many secrets about life in the past. Archaeologists dig in the ground and bring out these secrets. 不难猜出Archaeologists 为“考古学家” 。 8．The teacher did not hear the knocking at the door because he was completely engrossed in his reading. 以因果关系为线索, 可确定engrossed的意思为“被吸引”, “全神贯注”。 9.I am a resolute man. Once I set up a goal, I won＇t give it up easily. 通过第二句, 可推出