The Old Man and the Sea 超全面名著赏读.doc

The Old Man and the Sea Context Ernest Hemingway was born?in Oak Park, Illinois, in?1899, the son of a doctor and a music teacher. He began his writing career as a reporter for the Kansas City?Star.?At age eighteen, he volunteered to serve as a Red Cross ambulance driver in World War I and was sent to Italy, where he was badly injured by shrapnel. Hemingway later fictionalized his experience in Italy in what some consider his greatest novel,?A Farewell to Arms.?In?1921, Hemingway moved to Paris, where he served as a correspondent for the Toronto?Daily Star.?In Paris, he fell in with a group of American and English expatriate writers that included F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, and Ford Madox Ford. In the early?1920s, Hemingway began to achieve fame as a chronicler of the disaffection felt by many American youth after World War I—a generation of youth whom Stein memorably dubbed the “Lost Generation.” His novels?The Sun Also Rises?(1926) and?A Farewell to Arms?(1929) established him as a dominant literary voice of his time. His spare, charged style of writing was revolutionary at the time and would be imitated, for better or for worse, by generations of young writers to come. After leaving Paris, Hemingway wrote on bullfighting, published short stories and articles, covered the Spanish Civil War as a journalist, and published his best-selling novel,?For Whom the Bell Tolls?(1940). These pieces helped Hemingway build up the mythic breed of masculinity for which he wished to be known. His work and his life revolved around big-game hunting, fishing, boxing, and bullfighting, endeavors that he tried to master as seriously as he did writing. In the?1930s, Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, and later in Cuba, and his years of experience fishing the Gulf Stream and the Caribbean provided an essential background for the vivid descriptions of the fisherman’s craft in?The Old Man and the Sea.In?1936,?he wrote a piece for?Esquire?about a Cuban fisherman who