2014英语考试.doc

PAGE PAGE 2 2014英语考试总结 1A: 1. It?includes?a?discussion?of?protected?cropping?in?cold-and?hot-frames，glass?cloches，lean-to?houses，winter?gardens，orangeries，conservatories?and?glasshouses?in?their?varied?forms，and?plastic-clad?plant?enclosures?of?all?sizes?ranging?from?low?tunnels，walk-in?tunnels，to?large?plastic?houses． 它包括对设施栽培的讨论，栽培在如下设施中进行：阳畦和温床，玻璃罩，单屋面温室，冬季花园，柑橘园，展示用温室，各种形式的玻璃温室和从小拱棚到中拱棚再到大棚的各种大小的塑料覆盖的植物保护设施。 2. The traditional Chinese greenhouse(Fig.1-1) consisted of a brick wall oriented east-west. On its southern side, a transparent surface consisting of bamboo sticks covered oiled paper was placed at an angle 30-40°to the horizontal. 中国温室包括东西走向的砖墙（如图1）。南边是用竹竿支撑、上面覆盖油毡纸的透明覆盖物，与地面成30-40°。 3.Heating?and?carbon-dioxide?fertilization?of?hotbed?through?the?decomposition?of?mixtures?of?horse?manure?and?plant?residues?was?widely?used?in?the?Netherlands?at?the?beginning?of?the?19th century and?remained?the?common?way?for?growing?cucumbers?and?melons?until?horses?were?replaced?by?tractors?in?the?years?after?the?Second?World?War． 在十九世纪初荷兰就广泛运用分解马粪和植物残渣来给温床加热和CO2施肥，并一直沿用这种常规方法栽培黄瓜和甜瓜中，直到二战结束后的几年里，当马被拖拉机所取代（没有马粪可以使用） 1B： 4. Often considered the father of agricultural plastics in the U.S.,Dr.Emmert developed many principles of plastic technology for agricultural purposes through his research on greenhouses,row covers and mulches. 通常被认为美国农业塑料栽培之父的Emmert 博士 ，通过对温室、小拱棚和地面覆盖的研究开发了许多以农业为目的的塑料栽培技术的方法。 4Natural mulches such as leaves,straw,sawdust,peat moss and compost have been used for centuries to control weeds and hold moisture in the soil. None of these materials have been employed to any great extent in commercial vegetable production. 天然覆盖物如树叶，稻草，锯末，泥炭藓和堆肥，历来被用来控制杂草和保持土壤湿度。在商品性蔬菜中，这些材料没有被大范围的使用。 They were not adapted for commercial vegetable production because of their short life,as well as the cost of material and labor ,which was not mechanized . 由于纸质地膜使用年限短，材料和劳动力成本高，不能实现机械化生产，所以不适于商品蔬菜生产。 Significant advances in the use of mulches occur