路面不平度对液压悬架多轴车辆影响分析.pdf

学兔兔 汽 车 工 程 2010年(第32卷)第2期 Automotive En~neefing 2010(Vo1．32)No．2 2010032 路面不平度对液压悬架多轴车辆的影响分析 归 正，韩 非，张昊苏 (同济大学机械工程学院，上海 201804) [摘要] 根据油液的不可压缩性，可用以相位角为自变量的三角级数来表达路面不平度引起液压悬架多轴车 辆车架的垂向速度和加速度，而该级数和可用一个解析式来表达，并近似为车速的线性函数。分析表明增加多轴车 辆的轴数可有效地抑制车架和悬架的动载荷，但是随着车速的增加，抑制效果不断降低，直至相当于单轴车辆。 关键词：多轴车辆；液压悬架；路面不平度；动载荷 An Analysis on the Effects of Road Roughness on Multi—axle Vehicle with Hydraulic Suspension Glli Zheng．Han Fei＆ Zhang Haosu School ofMechanical Engineering，Tongii Univemi~，Shanghai 201804 [Abstract] Considering the incompressibility of fluid，the vertical velocity and acceleration of multi—axle ve- hicle with hydraulic suspension caused by road roughness can be expressed by a trigonometric series with phase an- gle as argument，and the sum of series can be reduced to an analytic formula，which approximates to the linear function of vehicle speed．Analyses show that increasing the axle number of multi—axle vehicle can effectively sup— press the dynamic load on frame and suspension，but with the increase of vehicle speed the suppression effect con- stantly weakens and finally the vehicle behaves as a singular axle one． Keywords：multi-axle vehicle；hydraulic suspension；road roughness；dynamic load 载荷在众多车轮之间得到 日IJ百 均匀分配。液压悬架的构 造如图2所示。悬架支架 为了承受巨大的货物质量、避免路面过载，大件 与车架连接，平衡臂一端 运输普遍采用了多轴车辆，如建造高速铁路普遍采 安装于车桥，另一端与悬 用了具有l6～24轴的运梁车，在2 050t汽罐的运输 架支架铰接；悬架油缸两 中采用了38轴的组合挂车。图1为由6+5+3轴