铸钢车轮铸造工艺模拟和优化铸钢车轮铸造工艺模拟和优化.pdf

学兔兔 Feb．2009 铸 造 Vo1．58 NO．2 FOUNDRY ·141· 铸钢车轮铸造工艺模拟与优化 米国发 ，刘彦磊。，张 斌 ，付秀琴 ，张 弘 ，宋国祥 (I．河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院，河南焦作454000；2．中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所，北京100081； 3．大同爱碧玺铸造有限公司质保部，山西大同037038) 摘要：采用ViewCast软件对铸钢车轮辐板处疏松缩孔的形成机理及分布规律进行了数值模拟研究。模拟研究结果表 明，在铸造凝固过程中车轮辐板的最薄部位和轮辋辐板之间的过渡部位会出现不同程度的疏松缩孔现象。原因是辐板 最薄处的冷却速度过快，阻断了过渡部位在凝固过程中的补缩通道，增加了形成缩孔的可能性。通过对铸造工艺进行 改进，采用施加保温材料的方法，可以达到轮辋向辐板顺序凝固，从而减少形成缩孔和疏松的倾向。 关键词：铸钢车轮；凝固模拟；铸造；保温材料 中图分类号：TP391．9；TG24 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1001—4977(2009)02—0141—03 Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Casting Process f0r Cast．Steel WheeI MI Guo．fa1，LIU Yan．1ei’，ZHANG Bin2，FU Xiu—qin2，ZHANG Hong ，SONG Guo．xiang (1．School of Materials Science and Engineering，He’nan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo 454003， He。nan，China；2．Metals and Chemistry Institute，China Academy of Railway Sciences，Beijing 1 0081， China；3．Datong ABC Casting Co．，Ltd．，Quality ControI Department，Datong 037038，Shanxi，China) Abstract：The formation mechanism and distribution law of shrinkage of cast-stee1 whee1 were simulated．The SolidWorks software was used to generate three-dimensional modeI of cast parts and the ViewCast software was employed to simulate the casting process．The simulated result show that shrinkage was found in the transition position between rim and the finaI thin position of web because the finaI thin position of web cools sO fast that the feeding passage of the transition position was blocked during solidification．The casting technique was improved by computer-aid technology．The shrinkage iS reduced by applying heat insulating materia1 which makes the sequence solidification fr0m the web to the rim re