【精选】[外研版]2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题2 正反解读名词[外研版]2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题2 正反解读名词.ppt

2．[2011·湖北卷] “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with________clearly in her voice. A．anger B．rudeness C．regret D．panic [解析] D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂着惊慌。panic惊慌；anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔。 3．[2011·湖北卷] Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________， but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition [解析] B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃我的工作回去接受全职教育是一个很大的承诺，但现在我知道这是我有生以来做出的最好的决定。a big commitment意为“一个重大的承诺”，此处是指“决意接受全职的教育”。其他选项均不合语境。 4．[2011·江苏卷] Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________. A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence [解析] C　考查名词词义辨析。A项意为“结果”；B项意为“独立”；C项意为“能力”；D项意为“智力”。根据句意“老师们必须不断地更新他们的知识，目的是始终保持他们的专业能力。”可知选C合适。 5．[2011·江西卷] Whats the________， in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself? A．sympathy B．theme C．object D．point [解析] D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：依你之见，如果他自己不努力帮助自己的话，帮他还有什么意义？A项意为“同情”；B项意为“主题”；C项意为“物体，目标”；D项意为“观点，意义”。根据题意可知答案选D。 规则3：有些名词的单、复数形式表达不同的意思。如：chicken鸡肉/chickens小鸡；fish鱼(尾数)，鱼肉/fishes各种鱼； paper纸/papers试卷，报纸，文件；water水/waters水域；room空间/rooms房间；time时间/times次数，倍数，时代；arm手臂/arms武器…… 规则4：有些名词形式上虽是单数，但表示的是复数含义。如：people, police, cattle, staff, public, the＋adj.或 the＋分词(表示一类人)。 规则5：对于集体名词，当它表示一个整体时，视作单数；当它侧重各个成员时，视作复数。如： The enemy has suffered heavy losses. The enemy are in flight. 规则6：有些名词单、复数同形。如：fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, series, works。 规则7：复合名词变成复数时有3种情况： (1)把结尾词变成复数。如：grown-up→grown-ups，go-between→go-betweens。 (2)把主体名词变成复数。如：sister-in-law→sisters-in-law, editor-in-chief→editors-in-chief，passer-by→passers-by。 (3)把两个组成部分都变成复数，这种复合名词的第一个名词需是man或woman。如man doctor→men doctors，woman engineer→women engineers。 规则8：不规则名词的“数”：常用改变元音字母或词尾加en等方法构成。如：woman—women, child—children, ox—oxen, tooth—teeth, goose—geese, foot—feet, mouse—mice, phenomenon—phenomena, analysis—analyses。 规则9：专有名词的“数”：在姓氏名词后加“s”变成复数。如：