两次大战中的美国.ppt

Chapter Four America during the Two World Wars Contents World War I Prosperity and the Great Depression World War II Cold War and Civil Rights Movement Basic causes Direct cause Process Consequence Naval Rivalry Colonial Rivalry Economic Rivalry Formation of Two Alliances Triple Alliance (1882) : Austria, Germany, Italy Triple Entente (1907): Britain, Russia, France Direct causes The fuse of the war: The assassination of an ________ prince, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, on 28 June 1914 at Sarajevo, Yugoslavia.  America’s entrance  into the war (1917) Political attitude: neutrality, isolation Reasons: Germany’s Submarine Campaign; February Revolution in Russia Great casualty: 65,000,000 people joined the war; 10,000,000 people died; 20,000,000 people wounded New world center: New York Paris peace conference (1919): Treaty of Versailles Prosperity after the first world war The United States flourished with great prosperity in the 1920s. The expression “roaring 20’s” is often used to describe the period of American life. There was an industrial boom in this decade because material damage and shortages created by the war were to be repaired and filled. Meantime there was a great expansion of industries making consumer goods. Millions of people speculated in stocks and bonds and in real estate. For many people the main drive of the 1920s was to get some degree of personal wealth and comfort. Prosperity A new culture (1919-1929): “Roaring Twenties” or “Jazz Age” features: carefree prosperity, isolation from the world’s problems, bewildering social change feverish pursuit of pleasure. Music: Jazz Jazz has roots in the combination of Western and African music traditions, stemming from West Africa. Louis Armstrong the first important soloist in jazz the most influential musician in the music history. New image of the women financial independence The right to vot