南北朝).ppt

Silk Road For Bond Students from Australia Map of Silk Road Land Silk Road——most enduring trade route of human history Name: Given by Ferdinand von Richthofen ,1833 —1905, a German Geologist, gave the name in 1877 Length: About 6,400 kilometers Beginning to decline: 139 BC (Han Dynasty) to 800 AD (Tang Dynasty) Route: Chang’an ( Xi’an) to Antioch or Constantinople (Istanbul) Peak Time: Mongolian Empire ( Yuan Dynasty, 13th century) Purpose: Trade by caravans Commodities: silk (of course), gold, jade, tea and spices Effects: served as a vector for the diffusion of ideas and religions (initially Buddhism and then Islam), enabling civilizations from Europe, the Middle East and Asia to interact Names to be remembered Han Wudi—— First Emperor of Han Dynasty Unified the Empire Conquered the Citystate of Loulan Developed relations with the West Zhang Qian——Special Envoy sent by Wudi to explore the West Marco Polo——Took Zhang Qian’s road to China People of Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, and other nationalities Caravans Historical Development of Silk Road The technique of silk production and weaving was fully developed in the beginning bronze age of China (Shang period 商) In the late 2nd century BC the belligerent emperor Han Wudi 漢武帝 conquered the territories of the Wusun 烏孫, Yuezhi 月氏, and Xiongnu 匈奴 who controlled the ways to Inner Asia and acted as intermediary traders. Forts and fortified walls(Great Wall) built Agarian military garrison established Special Envoy sent to Daqin (presently known as Rome) Trade and political and cultural exchange along the silkroad increased in the end of Eastern Han, and during the three centuries of the division between north and south (Southern and Northern Dynasties, Nanbeichao 南北朝) Regular trade with the Central Asian kingdoms became crucial in the Sui 隋 and the Tang Dynasty 唐 After the end of Tang the Chinese government and economy of Song 宋 oriented more to the seashore and the trade with Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia and Ind