2005年中考英语语法复习大全.doc

2010年中考英语语法复习大全 一.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数 1.直接加s: maps, books, bags, days, boys, birds. 2.以辅音字母加y 结尾时变y为i加es: country-countries, factory-factories, baby-babies, family-families, 3.以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的单词加es: fox-foxes, dish-dishes, brush-brushes, bus-buses, class-classes, glass-glasses box-boxes, watch-watches 4.以o 结尾的加s, radio-radios, photo-photos, zoo-zoos, 但potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes必须加es 5.以f, fe 结尾的单词变f 为v加es: wife-wives, half-halves, shelf- shelves, knife-knives, life-lives, thief-thieves,但　reef必须加s. 不规则变化为：sheep-sheep, fish-fish, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, mouse-mice, man-men, woman-women, Frenchman-Frenchmen, Englishman-Englishmen, policeman-policemen, German-Germans, foot-feet, child-children, tooth-teeth. 不可数名词：work, homework, housework, time, knowledge, money, weather, fruit, food, rain snow, wind, ice, bread, porridge, orange, water, tea, rice, meat, news, paper, help, help, excuse 名词（借口，理由）, beef, cotton(棉花)， health, pork, salt, silk（丝绸） sand（沙子） space=room(空间) sugar, wood（木头） wool many=a lot of=lots of=a number of=numbes of许多，a few=several几个， few=not没有,跟可数名词。 Much=a lot of=lots of=a plenty of许多，a little=a bit of一点，little=not没有，跟不可数名词 注意: people没有单数，是复数名词，persons=people; cloud云彩和chalk既可当可数名词又可当不可数名词。 二.名词所有格是在名词后面加 ’s, 以 s结尾的加’ ,另外人用’s, 物用 of 如：Meimei’s book , Bob’s bike, the students of class, a picture of my family, a friend of Jim’s the students’ desks, Teachers’ Day教师节，Women’s Day, Children’s Day, Lucy and Lily’s room 路丝和利丽共有的房间，Jim’s and Tom’s fathers吉姆和汤姆各自的父亲三..代词的用法:1.主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 作主语 2. 宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 用在动词和介词后作宾语 . 3.形容词性物主代词：my your, his, her, its, our your, their 后面必须跟名词 4. 名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours yours, theirs, 5.反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, 6.反身代词的搭配： teach