完形填空与解析 北京四中完形填空与解析 北京四中.doc

北 京 四 中 完形填空与解析(一) 　　完形填空题旨在测试学生综合运用英语的能力，做此题必须通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行判断推理。解此类题主要从以下四步做起： 　　第一步 重视首句，把握开篇。完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。　　　　第二步 速读全文，掌握大意。速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。 　　　　第三步 瞻前顾后，灵活答题。瞻前顾后，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要双管齐下，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。 　　　　第四步 复核全文，调整答案。把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点： 　　1．上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。 　　2．从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。 　　3．段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。 　　这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。 例题精选 　　Mrs. Jones was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like a woman half her age. She loved driving very fast, and was proud of the fact ??1? ?she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished ??2? ?a driving offence (犯规，犯法). 　　Then one day she nearly ??3? ?her record. A police car ??4? ?her, and the policemen in it saw her ??5? ?a red light without stopping. Of course, she was stopped. It seemed ??6? ?that she would be punished. ? 　　7? ?Mrs. Jones came up to the judge, he looked at her seriously and said that she was ??8? ?old to drive a car, and that the ??9? ?why she had not stopped at the red ??10? ?was most probably that her eyes had become weak ??11? ?old age, so that she had simply not seen it. 　　When the judge had finished what he was ??12? , Mrs. Jones opened the big handbag she was ??13? ?and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she ??14? ?a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at her first attempt. 　　When she had ??15? ?done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed ??16? ?the needle and the thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your ??17? . I suppose you drive a car, and that you are quite sure about your own eyesight.” 　　The judge took the ??18? ?and tried to thread it. After half a dozen