国外营销论文94Wernerfelt_1984_SMJ.pdf

Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 5, 171-180 (1984) A Resource-based View of the Firm BIRGER WERNERFELT Graduate School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. Summary The paper explores the usefulness of analysing firms from the resource side rather than from the product side. In analogy to entry barriers and growth-share matrices, the concepts of resource position barrier and resource-product matrices are suggested. These tools are then used to highlight the new strategic options which naturally emergefrom the resource perspective. INTRODUCTION For the firm, resources and products are two sides of the same coin. Most products require the services of several resources and most resources can be used in several products. By specifying the size of the firms activity in different product markets, it is possible to infer the minimum necessary resource commitments. Conversely, by specifying a resource profile for a firm, it is possible to find the optimal product-market activities. Both perspectives on the firm are reflected in the literature on strategic management. The traditional concept of strategy (Andrews, 1971) is