庄子 节选 汉译英.docx

庄子山木 材与不材原文：庄子行于山中，见大木，枝叶盛茂，伐木者止其旁而不取也。问其故，曰：“无所可用。”庄子曰：“此木以不材得终其天年！” 夫子出于山，舍于故人之家。故人喜，命竖子杀雁而烹之。竖子请曰：“其一能鸣，其一不能鸣，请奚杀？”主人曰：“杀不能鸣者。” 明日，弟子问于庄子曰：“昨日山中之木，以不材得终其天年，今主人之雁，以不材死；先生将何处？” 庄子笑曰：“周将处乎材与不材之间。材与不材之间，似之而非也，故未免乎累。若夫乘道德而浮游则不然，无誉无訾，一龙一蛇，与时俱化，而无肯专为；一上一下，以和为量，浮游乎万物之祖，物物而不物于物，则胡可得而累邪！此神农、黄帝之法则也。若夫万物之情，人伦之传，则不然。合则离，成则毁；廉则挫，尊则議，有为则亏，贤则谋，不肖则欺，胡可得而必乎哉！悲夫！弟子志之，其唯道德之乡乎！”译文：庄子行走于山中，看见一棵大树枝叶十分茂盛，伐木的人停留在树旁却不去动手砍伐。问他们是什么原因，说：“没有什么用处。”庄子说：“这棵树就是因为不成材而能够终享天年啊！” 庄子走出山来，留宿在朋友家中。朋友高兴，叫童仆杀鹅款待他。童仆问主人：“一只能叫，一只不能叫，请问杀哪一只呢？”主人说：“杀那只不能叫的。” 第二天，弟子问庄子：“昨日遇见山中的大树，因为不成材而能终享天年，如今主人的鹅，因为不成材而被杀掉；先生如果是你，你将怎样对待呢？” 庄子笑道：“我将处于成材与不成材之间。处于成材与不成材之间，好像是恰当的，其实不然，这样并不能免于拘束与劳累。假如能顺应自然而自由自在地游乐也就不是这样。没有赞誉没有诋毁，时而像龙一样腾飞时而像蛇一样蜇伏，跟随时间的推移而变化，而不愿偏滞于某一方面；时而进取时而退缩，一切以顺和作为度量，优游自得地生活在万物的初始状态，役使外物，却不被外物所役使，那么，怎么会受到外物的拘束和劳累呢？这就是神农、黄帝的处世原则。至于说到万物的真情，人类的传习，就不是这样的。有聚合也就有离析，有成功也就有毁败；棱角锐利就会受到挫折，尊显就会受到倾覆，有为就会受到亏损，贤能就会受到谋算，而无能也会受到欺侮，怎么可以一定要偏滞于某一方面呢！可悲啊！弟子们记住了，恐怕还只有归向于自然吧！”汉译英：When Zhuang Zi walks in a mountain and saw a huge tree with luxuriant branches and leaves, while the lumberjack just stood by and did not cut it down. Zhuang Zi felt confused and asked him why, the man said : “it has no use.”.Zhuang Zi signs : “the tree escape the fate of being cut due to its ‘useless’!”. After Zhuang Zi walks out of the mountain, he went to see a friend and stay at his home for a night. His friend was happy and ask the houseboy to kill a goose for supper. The houseboy asked, “there are two geese, one can cackle, while the other can not, so which one to be killed?”. His friend said, “to kill the dumb one”. The next day, one of the disciple of Zhuang Zi asked his teacher : “the tree in the mountain we saw yesterday avoid being cut because it’s of no use, but the goose of your friend got killed due to its useless, so sir, what’s your choice? ” Zhuang Zi replied with a smile : “i shall stand between useful and useless. Standing between them seems appropriate, while it’s not true, you still cannot shake off restriction and tiredness. If one cou