2013地大考博翻译docx.docx

Leave well alone安放起来The best thing to do with nuclear waste is to stash it away, not reprocess it处理和废料最好的办法就是把它储存起来，而不是再利用。OF allthe difficulties nuclear power is heir to, that of waste has most fired the public imagination. Building power plants that last a century is one thing; creating waste that will be dangerous for 100 times as long is another. For decades America has failed to create a long-term repository for the waste from its civilian reactors at its chosen site, Yucca Mountain in Nevada. Most other countries have similarly failed, so the waste from today’s reactors piles up.在核能引起的所有问题中，核废料最受公众关注。公众关注的首先是使用了100年的核电站；其次是其产生的足以影响当地人类生活1万年的核废料。在核电站选址内华达丝兰山处，美国数十年都没能研究出处理核废料的长期储藏室。其它国家一样没能做到，以至于报废的核反应器堆积成山。As it happens, long-term waste disposal is among the more tractable nuclear problems. Temporary storage is a good start. Once fuel has cooled down in spent-fuel pools for a while, it can be moved to “dry cask” storage. Such storage appears robust (dry casks at Fukushima, hit by the tsunami, show no sign of having leaked) and can be maintained indefinitely. It takes space and needs to be guarded, but it can provide an adequate solution for a century or.事实上，长期废物处理还是核问题中比较容易对付的。短期储存是个不错的办法。燃料池中的燃料冷却一段时间后就可以被移到干桶容器中。这样的容器（福岛的干桶容器尽管受到海啸的袭击，但是毫无泄露的迹象）非常保险，而且可以无限期的储存。它需要安置空间和监管，它可以储存废料至少1个世纪。That is if you do not want to reprocess the fuel to recover the plutonium inside it. If you are a nuclear engineer you may find reprocessing rather appealing, partly to show that your nuclear programme is as sophisticated as any and partly because it gets around the offensive inefficiency of light-water reactors. If all the uranium in reactor fuel was either split or turned into plutonium which itself was then split, you would get 170 times more energy than you get from just using the fuel once, and would have opened the way to technically intriguing breeder systems.当然，前提是你不想再加工核废料去获取其内部的钚。如果你是一名核工程师，你可能会发现在加工核废料非常具有吸引力，部分原因是你拥有高端的核设备，部分原因是轻水堆对核燃料的不充分利用。如果核反应堆中的铀全部裂变或者转化为科裂变的钚，