上海外国语大学高级翻译学院2012年翻译硕士入学真题.doc

词语翻译：30’1. Austerity measures2. UNSECO3. The US Senate4. APEC5. Washington Post6. NATO7. Arab Spring8. Gary Locke9. Reuters10. Wall Street Journal?1. 十二五规划2. 十七届六中全会3. 全国人大4. 新华社5. 软实力6. 中美战略经济对话7. 上海合作组织8. 珠江三角洲9. “西气东输”10. 北京共识短文翻译E-CThe great schools revolutionBy The EconomistFrom The EconomistPublished: September 23, 2011Education remains the trickiest part of attempts to reform the public sector. But as ever more countries embark on it, some vital lessons are beginning to be learnedFROM Toronto to Wroclaw, London to Rome, pupils and teachers have been returning to the classroom after their summer break. But this September schools themselves are caught up in a global battle of ideas. In many countries education is at the forefront of political debate, and reformers desperate to improve their national performance are drawing examples of good practice from all over the world.Why now? One answer is the sheer amount of data available on performance, not just within countries but between them. In 2000 the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) at the OECD, a rich-country club, began tracking academic attainment by the age of 15 in 32 countries. Many were shocked by where they came in the rankings. (PISAs latest figures appear in table 1.) Other outfits, too, have been measuring how good or bad schools are. McKinsey, a consultancy, has monitored which education systems have improved most in recent years.Technology has also made a difference. After a number of false starts, many people now believe that the internet can make a real difference to educating children. Hence the success of institutions like Americas Kahn Academy. Experimentation is also infectious; the more governments try things, the more others examine, and copy, the results.Above all, though, there has been a change in the quality of the debate. In particular, what might be called the three great excuses for bad schools have receded in importance. Teachers