英国文学考试重点.doc

1、The Anglo-Saxon Period盎格鲁撒克逊时期(strength somberness) The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions---pagan 异教and Christian基督教 Cynewulf 基涅武甫 the author of poem on religious subject 宗教诗 Caedmon 凯德蒙 the father of English song 用诗歌的形式译圣经 The Song of Beowulf can be justly termed Englands national epic and its hero Beowulf--- one of the national heroes of the English people.作者不明 Grendel格伦德尔-a monster half-human The only existing manuscript of the 10th century and was not discovered until 1705.The whole epic consists of 3182 lines and is to be decided into 2 parts with an interpolation between the two. The forefathers of the Jutes 2、The Anglo-Norman Period 盎格鲁-诺曼底时期（bright，romantic tales of love and adventure English language became) The three chief effects of the conquest were: 1. the bringing of Roman civilization to England 2. the growth of nationality 3. the new language and literature, which were proclaimed in Chaucer Three classes: the Matter of France, the Matter of Greece and Rome, the Matter of Britain King Arthur「亚瑟王」 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight高文骑士和绿衣骑士 3、Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里?乔叟(首创heroic couplet)，the ＂father of English poetry and one of the greatest narrative poets of England. It is characteristic that his allegories and symbols are already tinged with realistic images. English tonico-syllabic verse London dialect The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集（本应有32个香客，128个故事，最终只完成了24个）Prologue总引is?a?splendid?masterpiece?of?realistic?portrayal,?the first of its kind in the history of English literature. In this poem Chaucers realism, trenchant irony and freedom of views reached such a high level of power that it had no equal in all the English literature up to the 16th century. His work is permeated with buoyant free-thinking, so characteristic of the age of Renaissance whose immediate forerunner Chaucer thus became. 4、The Renaissance 文艺复兴 The term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical(Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after the dark a