2009 语言学练习.doc

Chapter 1 Introduction I. Multiple choice 1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human _____________. A) contact B) communication C) relation D) community 2. Language is _____________. A) instinctive B) non-instinctive C) static D) genetically transmitted3. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary? A) tree B) crash C) typewriter D) bang 4. Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation? A) Transferability B) Duality C) Displacement D) Arbitrariness 5. _____________ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education. A) Linguistic geography B) Sociolinguistics C) Applied linguistics D) Comparative linguistics II. True or false 1. Arbitrariness of language makes it potentially creative, and conventionality of language make a language be passed from generation to generation. As a foreign language learner, the latter is more important for us. 2. In language classrooms nowadays the grammar taught to students is basically descriptive, and more attention is paid to the developing learners’ communicative skills. 3. Language is a system of arbitrary, written signs which permit all the people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or interact. III. Blank –filling 1. Linguistics is the scientific study of _____________. language 2. Modern linguistics is _____________ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some rules for people to observe. descriptive 3. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of __________ over writing. speech 4. The description of a language as it changes through time is a _________________ study. diachronic 5. Saussure put forward two important concepts. ___________ refers to the abstract linguistic s