朗阁-浅谈新托福阅读转折关系词如何运用.doc

浅谈新托福阅读转折关系词如何运用 朗阁海外考试研究中心 新托福阅读题型繁多，纵观托福阅读10大题型，我们不难发现托福阅读说到底其实就是在考逻辑关系，其主要分为五种：因果关系，转折关系，比较关系，并列关系和否定关系。句子简化题考的是句子内部的逻辑关系；指代题，句子插入题和修辞目的题考察的是句子与句子之间的关系；而最后一个题型：内容小结题和表格题则考察的是段落之间的逻辑关系。所以，如果广大的托儿们能熟练地掌握逻辑关系并且能够灵活运用，托福阅读高分绝不在话下。今天朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们将主要介绍的是转折关系词及其运用。 可能说到转折关系词，大家第一印象往往是however、but，然后大家会下意识地认为转折之后是重点。其实这个想法非常危险也很容易掉入出题者的陷阱。下面我们来列举一个TPO的真题，来看看出题者到底是如何一步步带大家掉入陷阱的。 Paragraph 6: Perhaps so much time has passed that there will never be satisfactory answers to the cave images, but their mystique only adds to their importance. Certainly a great art exists, and by its existence reveals that ancient human beings were not without intelligence, skill, and sensitivity. According to paragraph 6, why might the puzzling questions about the paintings never be answered? A. Keeping the paintings a mystery will increase their importance. B. The artists hid their tools with great intelligence and skill. C. Too many years have gone by since the images were painted. D. Answering the questions is not very important to scholars. 这道题所对应的段落非常短，定位很容易，想要把这段看懂也不是什么难事，重点是想要把这道题选对就蛮有迷惑性的了。首先，我们通过puzzling questions和never be answered进行定位，在第一行顺利找到出处。然后我们发现，这句话的后半句出现了闪亮亮的but，很多托儿们开始顺势往后读，发现出现了mystique adds to their importance，所以答案选A。其实在做这道题时，托儿们犯了两个致命的错误。第一，虽然划了定位词，但是忽略了考点词，why，这道题问的是原因，所以我们应该在原文中找因果关系词；第二，草率地认为转折之后是答案。出现转折词，我们知道转折词前后意思相反，托福阅读除了最后一个题型都在考察细节，所以其实答案取决于定位的信息，如果定位的信息在转折词之前，答案就是前面，反之亦然。 再看一遍原文，我们不难发现一个因果关系词：so...that..表示“如此…以至于”，so...that中间的表示原因，所以答案是so much time has passed，和时间有关。正确答案是C。 下面朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家帮助大家总结了托福阅读TPO中高频出现的转折关系词：but, however, in spite of, despite, although, though, instead of, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, while, whereas. 我们再看一道真题： Paragraph1: The earliest discovered traces of art are beads and carvings, and then paintings, from sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period. We might expect that early artistic efforts would be crude, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a marked degree of skill. So do the naturalistic paintings on sla