高级生理学试卷 A.doc

福建师范大学 生命科学学院 学院 2006 — 2007学年 第 二 学期考试 A 卷 考　　　　　　生　　　　　　信　　　　　　息　　　　　　栏 ＿＿＿＿＿＿学院＿＿＿＿＿＿系＿＿＿＿＿＿专业＿＿＿＿＿＿年级　　　　姓名＿＿＿＿＿＿学号＿＿＿ 装 订 线 专 业： 生物科学 年 级： 课程名称: 高级生理学 任课教师： 洪炎国 试卷类别：开卷（ ）闭卷（√ ） 考试用时： 120 分钟 考试时间: 年 月 日 午 点 分 题号 一 二 三 四 五 总得分 评卷人 得分 题号 六 七 八 九 十 得分 一 、名词解释(每题5分，共35分) 1. resting potential 2. neuromuscular junction 3. effective refractory period 4. pulmonary stretch reflex 5. receptive relaxation 6. BAM22 7. brain-gut peptide 二、请根据以下英文段落中的内容回答问题（共65分，中英文作答均可）： Any homeostatic system has five common components. The first component is the thing that needs to be kept constant. In a house this may be the temperature. This is called the regulated variable. Temperature, blood pressure, and the blood content of glucose, oxygen, and potassium ions are examples of regulated variables in the body. The body wants these variables to stay at a certain level. Not everything is a regulated variable. Heart rate, cardiac output, vascular resistance, urine output, and breathing rate are not regulated variables. These things may change, but they usually change in order to keep the regulated variable constant. If you remember what things are regulated variables, you will be a long way toward understanding the details of the homeostatic responses of the body. Once you know the regulated variable, in many cases you will be able to identify intuitively how the body might keep it constant. For every regulated variable there is a set point. Therefore, the body has set points for temperature, blood pressure, and the blood content of oxygen, glucose, and potassium. You need to know the value of these set points so that you will recognize if something is wrong. If my wife and I don’t agree on the set point for the thermostat, I might interpret a temperature greater than 76 as a sign that the air conditioner is broken. However, this may be the