常用词的英汉互译r.doc

纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子 Confucius 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo 武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts） 功夫 kungfu ；kung fu 中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means） 中和 harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in ones old age The 24 Solar Terms: 立春Spring begins. 雨水The rains. 惊蛰Insects awaken. 春分Vernal Equinox 清明Clear and bright. 谷雨Grain rain. 立夏Summer begins. 小满Grain buds. 芒种Grain in ear. 夏至Summer solstice. 小暑Slight heat. 大暑Great heat. 立秋Autumn begins. 处暑Stopping the heat. 白露White dews. 秋分Autumn Equinox. 寒露Cold dews. 霜降Hoar-frost falls. 立冬Winter begins. 小雪Light snow. 大雪Heavy snow. 冬至Winter Solstice. 小寒Slight cold. 大寒Great cold 戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances 京剧人物脸谱 types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生 male characters 末 middle-aged male characters 净 “painted face” characters 旦 female characters 丑 clown 京剧票友 amateur performer of Peking Opera 木偶戏 puppet show 独角戏 monodrama; one-man play 皮影戏 shadow play; leather-silhouette show 折子戏 opera highlights 戏剧小品 skit 哑剧 dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime 单口相声 monologue comic talk 双口相声 witty dialogue 口技 vocal imitations; ventriloquisim 说书 monologue story-telling 杂技 acrobatic performance 叠罗汉 making a human pyramid 特技 stunt 踩高跷 stilt walk 马戏 circus performances 神化人物 Mythological Figures 八仙 the Eight Immortals 嫦娥 Chang’e (the Chinese moon goddess) 伏羲 Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry) 福禄寿三星 the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity 共工 God of Water 后羿 Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns) 黄帝 Yellow Emperor 夸父 Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant) 女娲 God