专业英语教程.docx

Our world is made up of patterns and sequences.Theyre all around us.Day becomes night.Animals travel across the earth in ever-changing formations.Landscapes are constantly altering.One of the reasons mathematics began was because we needed to find a wayof making sense of these natural patterns.The most basic concepts of maths - space and quantity are hard-wired into our brains.Even animals have a sense of distance and number,assessing when their pack is outnumbered, and whether to fight or fly,calculating whether their prey is within striking distance.Understanding maths is the difference between life and death.But it was man who took these basic conceptsand started to build upon these foundations.At some point, humans started to spot patterns,to make connections, to count and to order the world around them.With this, a whole new mathematical universe began to emerge. 我们的世界由模式和序列组成，他们就在我们身边，白昼变成黑夜，动物迁徙的路线年年不变，地貌不断改变，数学开始的原因之一，由于我们需要找到一个方法，搞清自然模式的含意，数学中最基本的概念 - 空间和数量是我们大脑固有的属性。即使动物，也有一些距离和数感，当寡不敌众时，评估战斗还是逃走，计算猎物是否在攻击距离之内。理解数学决定生死存亡，但却是人学习了这些基本概念，并开始建立基本原理，某种程度上，人类开始认出模式，建立联系，计算和建立周围世界秩序。至此，一个全新的数学宇宙开始出现。 This is the River Nile.Its been the lifeline of Egypt for millennia.its where some of the first signs of mathematics as we know it today emerged.People abandoned nomadic life and began settling here as early as 6000BC.The conditions were perfect for farming.The most important event for Egyptian agriculture each year was the flooding of the Nile.So this was used as a marker to start each new year.Egyptians did record what was going on over periods of time,so in order to establish a calendar like this,you need to count how many days, for example,happened in-between lunar phases,or how many days happened in-between two floodings of the Nile.Recording the patterns for the seasons was essential,not only to their management of the land, but also their religion.The ancient Egyptians who settled on the Nile banks believed it was the river god, Hapy, who flooded the river eac