软件需求分析复习要点.doc

Software Engineering A discipline for the systematic production and maintenance of software developed by a team, which is fault-free, delivered on time, within budget, and satisfies the user’s needs GOAL: to produce a good quality software that is useful for people Properties of High quality software Defect free Meet user’s needs In time Within budget Communication: Project initiation, Requirements gathering Planning Estimating, Scheduling, Tracking Modeling Analysis Specification Design Construction Code, testing Deployment Delivery, support, maintenance Requirements Definition 需求明确地规定解决用户问题的方法 Their Importance The set of requirements constitute a contract between the client and the software developer It should be written such that all stakeholders can understand what the system will do. It allows developer to map problem domain concepts to solution domain concepts Classification Functional requirements（具体的系统功能要求） Nonfunctional requirements(可靠性，可用性，性能等等) Design constrains（限制设计者和实现者的规定） Requirements Management Definition A systematic approach to eliciting ,documenting, organizing and tracking changing requirements Process Elicitation: work with the customer on gathering requirements Analysis: process this information to understand it, classify in various categories, and relate the customer needs to possible software requirements Specification: Structure the customer input and derived requirements as written documents and diagrams Validation: you’ll ask your customer to confirm that what you’ve written is accurate and complete and to correct errors User’s Needs , Features and Requirements Differences A reflection of the business, personal, or operational problem that must be addressed in order to justify the use of a new system A service the system provides to fulfill one or more stakeholder needs Skill1 Definition of Problem Analysis the process of understanding real-world problems and user needs and proposing建议提议 solutions to meet those needs What is Root