毕业论文--翻译原文(英文).doc

Mechanical Engineering English Lesson 1 Modern Manufacturing Engineering A．What Is Manufacturing Maybe you’ve never thought about it before, but it is all around you. It affects every part of your life. What is it? In this case, “it” is manufacturing. Actually “manufacturing” is not all around you. But manufactured products are. Look around you right now. Name some things you see that were manufactured. Chairs, notebooks, blue jeans, books, floor tile, chalkboards, light bulbs, pencils, eyeglasses—nearly everything around you was manufactured. The manufacturing industry is important to our society. It’s essential to our economy. An economy is a system for producing and distributing products and services. Many people work in manufacturing. They help produce products. And they buy products with the money they earn. The more products people buy, the more products are manufactured. And this allows more people to work. Manufacturing is also important to the economy in another way. A piece of material is worth more after it’s been changed into a useful product. That’s added value. Value is increased by the manufacturing process. B. Modern Manufacturing A manufacturing industry needs three basic types of resources: Material resources, Human resources, Capital resources. The elements of industry are seven key steps for organizing production: Research and Development, Production Tooling, Production Planning and Control, Quality Control, Personnel Management, Manufacturing, Marketing.  RD is the planning of new products, processes, or materials and the improvement of old skill. RD is such a large, important part of the industrial world and requires many people with different talents. Production Tooling is the element of industry concerned with these tools. The PT obtains the tools, machines, and equipment needed to make a product. The most important parts of Production Planning and Control are routing, scheduling, dispatching, and plan layout. The ma