1_romanticism浪漫主义.ppt

Introduction to Romanticism I. Historical Background 1. The Monarchy King George III His antagonist policies towards the colonies was in part responsible for the American Revolution. King George IV Took the throne and held it until his death in 1830 King William IV The brother of George IV ruled 1830 to 1837 2. The French Revolution The democratic ideas of the French revolution Napoleonic Wars Napoleon Bonaparte 3. The Industrial Revolution Social changes within the Industrial Revolution Production Population growth Class conflict Living and working conditions Diseases Problems of child and women labour The Spinning Jenny1760s Change from agricultural to industrial society New technology Rise of urban centers of industry Creation of impoverished working class The negative effects of Industrialization Child labor Pressure for Political and Social Reform Hunger riots Machine breaking labor union’s movement Women’s movement First Reform Bill of 1832 II. Cultural Background 1. Romanticism a movement in the literature of virtually every country of Europe, the United States, and Latin America that lasted from about 1750 to about 1870, characterized by reliance on the imagination and subjectivity of approach, freedom of thought and expression, and an idealization of nature. The term romantic first appeared in 18th-century English and originally meant “romancelike”—that is, resembling the fanciful character of medieval romances. Romanticism values the particular insight, the visionary glimpse into imaginative union with the universe, the emotional certainty and joy that arises from a feeling of intimate association in a envisioned patterned order. It distrusts any systematic knowledge, any inherited systems of belief, anything not generated by ones own imagination. It rejects any sense of rational limits to what the human imagination might know. The power of the imagination is potentially infinite: Less than all cannot satisfy man, cried Blake. 2. The origin of