中科院考博英语 培训资料 短文补全课堂讲义-1.doc

定语从句 关系副词when, where, why, how的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如： 1. There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.　 2. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　　 3. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　 4. Im surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem. as，than，but也可以用作关系代词： ☆ The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, as was agreed beforehand. ☆ The telephone, as we know, was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell. ☆ I never heard such stories as he tells. ☆ Her attitude to him was quiet the same as it had always been. ☆ You spend more money than was intended to be spent. ☆ There are very few but admire his talent. (but = who don’t) 状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 1. Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 2. They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 3. He cleared his throat as if to say something. 目的状语从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导： 1. You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 2. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it. 3. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导: 1. The boy is so young that he cant go to school. 2. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. 条件状语从句的连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等： 1．Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 让步状语从句的连接词主要有though, although 1．Although its raining, they are still working in the field. 其他注意点： 1．ever if, even though　即使 Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 2．whether…or　 不管……都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 3．no matter +疑问词 或疑问词+后缀ever No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 　 替换：no matter what = whatever 　　　　 no matter who = whoever 　　　　 no matter when = whenever 　　　　 no matter where = wherever 　　　　 no matter which = whichever 　　　　 no m