51系列单片机的结构和功能外文~1.doc

Structure and function of the MCS-51 series Structure and function of the MCS-51 series one-chip computer MCS-51 is a name of a piece of one-chip computer series which Intel Company produces. This company introduced 8 top-grade one-chip computers of MCS-51 series in 1980 after introducing 8 one-chip computers of MCS-48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of kinds this line of one-chip computer the chips have ,such as 8051, 8031, 8751, 80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic composition, basic performance and instruction system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives- 51 serial one-chip computer .An one-chip computer system is made up of several following parts:(1) One microprocessor of 8 (CPU).(2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it used to depositing not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation, final result and data wanted to show, etc.(3)Procedure memory ROM/EPROM (4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice. But does not take ROM/EPROM within some one-chip computers, such as 8031 , 8032, 80C ,etc..(4)Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can use as introduction , may use as exporting too.(5)Two timer / counter, each timer / counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the control of the computer.(6)Five cut off cutting off the control system of the source .(7)One all duplex serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter(UART)), is it realize one-chip computer or one-chip computer and serial communication of computer to use for.(8) Stretch oscillator and clock produce circuit, quartz crystal finely tune electric capacity need outer. Allow oscillation frequency as 12 now at most. Every the above-mentioned part was joined through the inside data bus . Among them, CPU is a core of the one-chip computer, it is the control of the c