英语-语音及其读音规则复习.doc

语音及其读音规则复习 一、 音素 前元音 [i:] [i] [e] [?] 中元音 [?:] [?] 后元音[?] [ɑ:][u:] [?] [?:] [u] 双元音：?u] [au] [i?] [??] [u?] 辅音28个 爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [ɡ] 摩擦音[f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [?] [?] [r] [h] 破擦音[t?] [d?] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] 鼻音[m] [n] [?] 边音（舌侧音）[l] 半元音 [w] [j] 2.读音规则 1）元音字母在重读音节中的读音 a [ei] name plane Jane cake baby [?] bag dad hat map black back e [i:] these Chinese he me [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i [ai] bike drive time nice kite fly [i] fish big drink sit milk swim o [?u] those close home no go hoe [?] clock not box shop sock u [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday [u:] June ruler super blue （j l r s后） [?] bus cup jump much lunch 2）元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 a在[w]音后面 [?] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [?u] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [?] come monkey love mother 3）元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 a [?] China another woman breakfast orange e [?] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket i [?] holiday beautiful family animal  [ai] exercise satellite o [?] second tonight somebody welcome  [?u] also zero photo u [?] autumn difficult [ju:] popular congratulation January *动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，operate *u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue *在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 既可以读作[?]音，也可以读作[i]音。 4）-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 *ar [α: ] car farm dark sharpener *ar在[w]音后面 [?:] warm quarter towards *or [?:] forty morning short *or在[w]音后面 [?:] word worker worse *er ir ur [?:] certainly bird Thursday *辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry *-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 5）-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 *are [??] care dare hare *ere [i?] here mere *ire [ai?] fire hire wire *ore [? :] more score before *ure [ju?] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中 ure在非重读音节中读[?]音