英语试卷与答案最终版TORATE ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST.doc

Answers for DOCTORATE ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST English for Academic Communication Graduate School, Nanjing University Dec 29, 2011 （本试卷共由三部分组成：中英互译、实用和学术英语写作、学术信息检索。答卷中除手写部分外，请均按以下要求打印：Times New Roman 12, single spaced, A4 paper。） SECTION I TRANSLATION （20%） （注：本部分英译汉与汉译英，必须用深色墨迹钢笔或签字笔手写答案。在外地远程参加考试的同学请用传真或扫描、照片等格式的文件发给代交纸质答卷的同学。没有考生本人真实手迹的试卷视为无效。只提交打印稿或由他人代写的考生将被取消本次英语成绩，并按学籍管理的相关规定予以处理。） I. From English to Chinese： This transfer agreement must be completed, signed and returned to AAAS before the manuscript can be accepted for publication. By signing the enclosed form you warrant and represent that, if any of the content of your paper is copyrighted to a third party, you have obtained written permission from such other party granting AAAS the right to use and authorize use of the material in both print and online formats. Copies of the written permission must be submitted to the AAAS along with your signed Copyright Assignment form. 作者必须在文章接受发表前将签字的版权转让书交回AAAS。将你授权的内容填于所附表格，并且意味着，如果你文章中的任一部分版权属于第三方，你已经获得了书面允许证明，授权AAAS可以以印刷和网页形式使用。而书面许可证明的复件必须随你签字的版权转让书一同提交给AAAS。 After publication of the work in SCIENCE, the AAAS authorizes the author to do the following without further permission but subject to the requirement that credit be given to the works first publication in the appropriate issue of SCIENCE: 1) Reprint the work in print collections of the authors own writings; 2) Present the work orally; 3) Make photocopied handouts of the work for use in courses the author is teaching; 4) Distribute photocopies of the work to colleagues for non-commercial purposes only (providing that recipients are informed that they may not further distribute or copy the work; and 5) If the work is prepared as a work made for hire, the authors employer may make photocopies for internal use only. 在作者文章发表于SCIENCE之后，AAAS授权作者可以不经许可做下面的事情，但必须注明该工作首次是在SCIENCE上发表及其正确期次。（1）以作者论文集的形式再次印刷；（2）做大会口头报告；（3）以教学资料的散页形式影印给学生；（4）可以以影印形式将文章发给同事用于非商业用途，但必须告知他们不能再进一步传播该内容；（5）如果作业在聘任中用到该工作，作者的老板可以以影印形式在