英语语法大全完全版7.doc

A．介词的宾语 ? 1225 ?介词后面一般紧跟宾语。这种定语是名词或相当于名词的东西。一共有11种关型。 1226 ?1．名词： I live in a small house． We are walking along the street． I will answer you concerning your request． 1227 ?2．代词： I spoke to them． He is interested in it． He wrote to me concerning himself． 1228 ?3．动名词： He spent the afternoon in swimming． He learns English by reading English papers． He insisted on going back to the hotel． 1229 ?4．不定式： He did nothing but（or except）（to）sleep． Everything is allowed except to disturb others． What does he do save（to）talk nonsense？ I would sooner die than（to）yield． I know better than to argue with such a rascal．（I will not argue．） I could do no otherwise than（to）laugh．（I could not but laush．） （不定式一般不能用作介词的宾语，只有在save，but，ex- cept和than后可以。在这样用时to常常省略。） 1230 ?5．疑问词+不定式： The problem of what to do is difficult to settle． ?That depends on which method to use． We have informed him of when to send the merchandise． Have you received my letter regarding how to send the money？ （在任何适当介词后这种结构都可使用） 1231 ?6．表示时间或地点的副词： We all have trusted him till now（or till recently）． ?He has been ill since then． He has never seen anyone since three years ago． Ill love you for ever． I shall have finished it by tomorrow． We shall meet again before long． He came from afar． He has just returned from abroad． New troubles arose from within（or from here，from all around，from hard by，from below，from else- where）． 比较：He stood in here（or out there）．（这里in和out是副词，不是介词。） （能以副词作宾语的介词为数不多） 1232 ?7．形容词： In short，I have explained everything． At first，he failed；but at last，he succeeded． He has at least a thousand friends． I have advised him in public and in private． He was ill of late． （只在少数成语中可在介词后用形容词） 1233 ?8．介词短语： He came from across the river．（across=a place across） He returned from beyond the sea．（beyond=a place beyond） He was shot from behind the hedge． He stole to behind the enemy． The enemy suddenly appeared from just below our feet． （两个介词之间夹入一个副词） He has been ill since before the war．（before=a time be- fore