Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Technologies and Carbon ：城市固体废物处理技术和碳.ppt

Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Technologies and Carbon Finance World BankCarbon Finance UnitThailand, BangkokJanuary 24, 2008 Outline Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) characteristics Current MSW systems in East Asia region Low cost MSW technologies Advanced MSW treatment technologies Comparison of MSW treatment technologies carbon financing Recommendations Waste Generation Rate Income Generation Rate Waste Quantity* Level kg / capita / day tons / day Low 0.5 500 Middle 0.7 700 High 1.6 1,600 * Assumed population 1.0 million. Composition Moisture Content Income Level Material Low Middle High Food 40-85% 20-65% 20-50% Paper 1-10% 15-40% 15-40% Recyclables 4-25% 5-26% 11-43% Fines 15-50% 15-50% 5-20% Moisture 40-80% 40-60% 20-30% More biomass organics / moisture – beneficial to LFG and composting projects – not favorable for combustion and thermal technologies Moisture – higher precipitation more rapid decomposition - - IPCC: 1,000 mm / yr. Solid Waste Composition in Bangkok 2006 data Solid Waste Compositionin Bangkok (cont.) 8,000-9,000 t/d Half (44-60%) water by weight Half (49-61%) is organic1 Third (33-45%) is combustible2 1 Food, yard and miscellaneous organic 2 Paper, plastic, rubber, leather, textiles Current MSWM systems in East Asia region MSW collection rates: Singapore (90%), Bangkok, Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur (80 – 85%) MSW practices: recycling / recovery, landfilling / open dumping, composting and incineration. Composting and incineration plants installed are either not working or operating at low capacities for the following reasons: High OM costs Poor maintenance and operation of facilities Lack of expertise Poor pre-treatment (for ex. incomplete separation of non-compostables, inhomogeneous waste feed to incinerator) High cost of compost compared to commercial fertilizers