主谓一致打印版.doc

主谓一致 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词_与主语在人称和数上必须保持一致 主谓一致的三个原则: 1. 语法一致：主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应 谓语的动词要与主语的人称和数一致。 Mary _______ a dog. Mary and Tom _______ a dog. 2. 意义一致：谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。 3. 就近原则：是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词 讲解： 由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时，谓动一般用复数。（包括both……and） The singer and the writer are famous to many young people. １） 由 and 连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数（注意冠词） The singer and dancer _____ on the stage. 2) 用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如: bread and butter, knife and fork 等作主语时(由两个部件配成的物品), 谓语动词用单数. A knife and fork is used to have meals. 3）由each, every, no, many a(许多)所修饰的名词，即使用 and连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 e g.Each man and woman ______ the same rights. A. has??? B. have??　C. had??? D. is having Many a man ___________the story. 由集体名词，如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, company, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体(强调整体），谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，（强调个体）则用复数形式. 注意：集体名词为 people, police, cattle，谓语动词用复数形式 Our family (is, are) not poor any more. He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him. none (都不)可以复数也可以单数具体看语境 后加不可数名词时 必须用单数neither（两者都不）必须单数 None of us has ever been to the US. 我们之中没有任何一人去过US，强调没有一个人去过，一个人，单数None of them are my friends他们都是我的朋友，强调一群人所以复数 everybody，anybody，everyone，nobody，somebody，anything，nothing，something，everything，no one, no body ,each, the other 当这些词做主语时，谓语动词用单数 Nothing ________ difficult in the world if you set your mind to it . 就近原则:当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or, either…or , neither…nor… 或 not only…but also, not ……but 连接时,谓语通常与临近的名词或代词保持一致。 Either Peter or Henry _____ going to win. 由there或here引导的句子,主语不止一个名词时,谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致. There ___ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are) 主+介 介无关 当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如as well as, but ，with, together with,（和…一起），along with,（同…一道）as well as,（既…又…）as much as,（和…一样多）no less than, （和…）一样；多达rather than, （宁愿）except, besides, including, lik