卵形鲳鲹早期发育的研究.docx

第18卷第4期上海海洋大学学报 V01．18．No．42009年7月JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI OCEAN UNIVERSITYJuly，2009文章编号：1674-5566(2009)04—0428-07卵形鲳鳕早期发育的研究何永亮1’2，区又君1，李加儿1(1．中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所，广东广州510300；2．上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海201306)摘要：观察了卵形鲳够(Trachinotus ovatttIs)人工繁殖和育苗过程的早期特征，结果表明：卵形鲳鳄早期发育 可以分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期和幼鱼期3个阶段。受精卵在水温(24．73±2．11)℃，盐度20—24，pH8．0—8．2条 件下，经过36～48 h孵出仔鱼。初孵仔鱼全长(2．025-I-0．367)mm，肌节数23，出现胸鳍芽；2 d时鳔出现一个室，且开始充气；4 d时卵黄囊吸收完毕，此时仔鱼进入混和营养阶段；5 d时背鳍、臀鳍原基出现，尾鳍出 现，脊索周围出现3—4条黑色素带；6 d时油球消失，仔鱼尾索弯曲，仔鱼饱食后体色变为银色，进入后期仔鱼 阶段；12 d时第二鳔室出现；14 d时腹鳍开始形成；18 d时各鳍基本发育完成，尾部出现鳞片，进入稚鱼期；22 d时稚鱼布满鳞片，体色为银色，形态上已和成鱼相似，进入幼鱼期。全长、体长、肛前长、体重、体高、眼径与 日龄呈明显的指数函数关系，体高与全长的比逐渐变大，至24 d保持稳定。关键词：卵形鲳鲣；早期发育；生长中图分类号：S 965．328；S 961．2 文献标识码：AEarly development of Trachinotus ovatusHE Yong—lian91”，OU You-junl，LI Jia-erl(1．Somh China Sea Fisheries Research Institute，Chinese Academy ofFishery Sciences，Guangzhou 5 10300，China；2．College of Fisheries and Life Science，Shanghai Ocean University，Shanghai 201306，China)Abstract：The morphological characteristics of early development of Trachinotus ovatll岱were observed and described in March and May 2008，The fertilized eggs were hatched out about 36-48 h in conditions of water temperature(24．73±2．11)℃，salinity 20—24，pH8．0—8．2．Due to developmental process of Z 0jvatus，early development could be divided into three periods，namely larva，juvenile and young fish．The body of thenewly—hatched larva was covered with fine melanin，lying at the bottom quietly，with 23 paim of muscle nodes and a mean of(2．025±0．367)mm in total length．One—chamber air bladder occurred 2 days after hatching， the larvae began to feed 3 days after hatching．Larva older than 4 days depended on exterior nutrition completely since yolk was exhausted．Five days after hatching，caudal tip lifting stage begins，and primordium of dorsal fin，anal fin appeared，the three or four black pigment strips of body surface were formed around the notochord．Six days after hatching，oil globule was exhausted，the larvae tail notochord become askew up，