人教版初中英语——现在完成时.ppt

现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense Topic: The present perfect tense I. （说教材）Analysis of the text A. Status of present perfect tense B. Ability goals C. Important points and difficult points II. (说教法 )Teaching methods by body-language, student-centred , task-based, practice, discussion… III. (说学法) Learning methods interaciton, cooperation, team-work,practce… 含义 definition “已经做” 表示过去开始，但持续到现在的动作，或过去发生的动作，对现在留下后果或影响。 IV.（教学步骤）Teaching procedures Aim（目的） Tell them the meaning of the tense 二. 结构 structures 1.肯定: have / has + p.p.(过去分词) 2.否定: have/has + not + p.p.(过去分词) 3.一般疑问: Have / Has 提到句首 Yes, … have / has. No, … havent /hasn’t. Aim（目的） Make sure that they have a clear structure in their mind about this tense 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have/has＋其他成分？ 5.反意疑问句：借助于助动词have/has来完成反意疑问句。 例如：They have lived that village for ten years, haven’t they ? 　Li Lei has never read this book, 　　has he ? 三. 标志词 signal words already, yet, before(以前), ever, never,? just(刚刚),? for + 时间段 (持续…) since + 时间点 (自从…) so?far / up?to?now (到目前为止)? Aim（目的） This will let them know how to distinguish the tense easily 四、正确运用三种结构:have/has been to, have/has gone to,和have/has been in 　１. have/has been to表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。 　２. have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”，现在还没有回来。 　３. have/has been in 表示“已在某地（呆了多久）”，如果是小地方用at代替in。 Aim（目的） Show them some hard points about which they may get puzzled 六、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下： close—→be closed, put on→wear , open—→be open get up—→be up, finish/end—→be over , lose—→be lost , marry—→be married(to), get to know—→ know　 fall asleep/ go to sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) , 　 come/arrive—→be here/in , come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away , become —→be , borrow —→keep , buy—→have , begin/start—→be on , die—→be dead , join—→be in/be