氯碱行业遗留场地特征污染物及空间分布研究.docx

氯碱行业遗留场地特征污染物及空间分布研究范瑞（中山大学 地球科学系，广东 广州510000）摘要：以广东某氯碱场地为研究对象，采集了土壤和地下水共22个样品。结果表明：（1）氯碱场地土壤中特征污 染物主要为六六六、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、六氯苯、苯等，主要分布于堆场、四氯化碳车间、漂水车间等。（2）煤场与锅炉区土壤的铅、镍含量分别为697mg/kg、231mg/kg。（3）四氯化碳车间的四氯化碳含量超出标准的207倍；三氯甲烷超出标准760倍；六氯苯含量超出标准62倍；六六六含量超出标准4.78倍。漂水车间2.5 m、3 m、5 m、7 m、8 m、9 m六个 不同的剖面均检出了苯，超出标准10倍～20倍。（4）从6个地下水样品来看，部分污染物的含量超过了《地下水质 量标准》中Ⅳ类标准。关键词：氯碱行业；污染场地；土壤；地下水；污染特征中图分类号：X5；F426 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1671-4407(2014)08-162-03Study on Pollution Characteristics and Distribution in TypicalChlor-AlkaliIndustry ContaminatedSitesFANRui(Department of Earth Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510275, China)Abstract:Thisresearchselectedacaseofachlor-alkalichemicalcontaminatedsite,collected22soilandgroundwatersamples, analyzed 25 pollutants to understand their sources and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants.The resultsshowthecharacteristicofcontaminantsinthechlor-alkaliindustryinsoilwereBHC,carbontetrachloride,chloroform,hexachlorobenzene,benzeneandlead,nickel,etc..Organicpollutantswerefoundinlitteryard,carbontetrachlorideworkshopandbleachworkshop,etc.,while inorganic pollutantswerefoundincoalyard,boilerregion.(1)TheBHCconcentrationsinlitteryardsoilsampleswere110timeshigherthanstandardlevel.(2)Forthecoalyardandboilerregion,thehighestleadandnickelconcentrationinsoilsampleswasbothexceedingthestandardlevel.(3)Inthecarbontetrachlorideworkshop,carbontetrachlorideconcentrationis207timeshigherthanthestandardvalue,whilechloroformexceedsthestandardby760times,hexachlorobenzene62times,andBHC4.78times.Inthebleachworkshop,benzeneconcentrations at six different cross sections (depth of 2.5m, 3m, 5m, 7m, 8m, 9m) were exceeding the standard by 10to20times.(4)Forthesixgroundwatersamples,somecontaminantsexceedthe“GroundwaterQualityStandards”classIVstandard.Overall,higherconcentrationsoforganochlorineresidueswerefoundinthechlor-alkaliindustryhistoricalcontaminated sites, especially in the carbon tetrachloride workshop, where groundwater has been