用热力学第二定律效率分析热力循环装置的能效水平 马一太.doc

中国工程热物理学会 工程热力学与能源利用 学术会议论文 编号：11 用热力学第二定律效率分析热力 循环装置的能效水平 马一太，田华，刘春涛，袁秋霞 （天津大学热能研究所，天津，300072） （联系电话：022Email：ytma@tju.edu.cn） 摘 要：为了建立评价冷水机组和水源热泵的 EER或COP等能效指标的公共平台，本文提出热力学第二定律效率的分析方法。计算了我国的房间空调器、冷水机组和水源热泵等制装置的热力学第二定律效率的数据范围。大多水冷产品的热力学第二定律效率在0.3至0.5之间，高效产品可以达到0.6，但风冷产品热力学第二定律效率在0.2左右。热力学第二定律效率可用于同类产品或相似产品在不同工况下的性能比较。分析可见热力学第二定律效率表征着当前产品设计制造的综合水平，是制定相关产品能效标准的限定值、节能值及能效等级的依据。 关键词：热力学第二定律效率 EER COP冷水机组 水源热泵 Analysis on Energy Efficiency of Water Chiller and Water Source Heat Pump Systems with Thermodynamic Perfectibility Ma Yitai Liu Chuntao Yuan Qiuxia Tian Hua (Thermal Energy Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China) Abstract: According to setting up a platform as evaluating on energy efficiency of water chiller and water source heat pump systems with EER or COP, the method of the second law of thermodynamics was introduced. The range of second law efficiency of thermodynamics of room conditioners, water chillers and water-source heat pumps were calculated. The results show that the second law efficiency of most products is in 0.3 to 0.5, the efficient products can reach 0.6, but the second law efficiency of air to air products is about 0.2. It is useful for performance comparison of same or similar production in difference working conditions. The thermodynamic perfectibility analysis indicated that it characterizes the design and manufacturing level of products at present, provided the standard of evaluating energy efficiency and the foundation of making the minimum allowable values, energy conservation values and energy efficiency grade for energy efficiency standards. Keywords：the second law efficiency, thermodynamic perfectibility, EER, COP, water chiller, water-source heat pump 1 引言 随着人民生活水平的提高和经济的快速发展，用于采暖和空调系统等的能源消耗也 在逐年增加，约占社会总能耗的30%左右。因此为了减少能源消耗，世界各国都将节能减排列为头等大事，许多国家都对用能产品颁布和实施了能效标准和标识制度。如美国的“能源之星”制度，日本的“领跑者”制度