第十课修辞.ppt

Metonomy and Synecdoche Metonomy Definition： Metonymy is the substitution of the name of one thing for that of the other with which it is closely associated. 所谓借代是用一事物的名称代替另一事物（即借此代彼），而这一事物与另一事物紧密关联。 Metonomy The pen is mightier than the sword. English author Edward Bulwer-Lytton in 1839 for his play Richelieu; Or the Conspiracy Pen substitutes the people who use the pen while the sword substitutes the people who use the sword. True, This! —Beneath the rule of men entirely great,The pen is mightier than the sword. Take away the sword —States can be saved without it! 剑与马赐军事贵族以强权，火药与教育赠平民以平等，而文字则铭刻思想，让伟大的理念和意志照彻古今，得以不朽。 Metonomy 表现形式：不直接说出要说的人或事 ,而是借用与要说的人或事有密切关系的其它事物来代替。 运用：借代是美学修辞范畴的一种修辞格 ,其构成方式也比较复杂 ,所以在运用时就要求准确得体。 作用：基础是联想 ,通过联想达到生动形象、幽默诙谐、言简意赅的修辞效果和语言艺术魅力。 Metonomy He takes to the bottles. 容器代替内容物 Are you fond of Beethoven? His purse would not allow him that luxury. 抽象代替具体 What is learned in the cradle is carried into the grave. (儿时所学，终生难忘。 ) 具体代替抽象 Metonomy 借代的特点： 1.甲事物与乙事物不相类似； 2.甲事物与乙事物有不可分离的关系； 3.乙事物的名称来代替甲事物。 Metonomy 1. Parts of the body, as a name for senses, behaviors or abilities. His heart rules his head. brain: knowledge Use you brains. tongue: eloquence Metonomy 2. Name of a person for name of his work and the style Only billionaires are able to collect Picasso. 3. trade marks as a name for products a 1972 Benz Metonomy 4. Locations as a name for some government institutions or enterprises Westminster: the British government Madison Avenue: American Advertising industry Wall Street: U.S. financial circles the Pentagon: the U.S. military establishment Hollywood:American film-making industry