Influence of diet on gut microbiota, inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus. First experience with macrobiotic Ma Pi 2 diet英文电子书.pdf

DIABETES/METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS REVIEW ARTICLE Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2014; 30(Suppl. 1): 48–54. Published online in Wiley Online Library () DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2518 Influence of diet on gut microbiota, inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus. First experience with macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet Francesco Fallucca1* Abstract Carmen Porrata2 Sara Fallucca3 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disorder influenced by both genetic Mario Pianesi4 and environmental factors. Recent studies have suggested that an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota may be involved in the development of several human 1University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy diseases, including obesity and T2DM. The main regulators of the intestinal 2Finlay Institute, Havana, Cuba microbiota are age, ethnicity, the immune system and diet. A high-fat diet may 3 induce dysbiosis, which can result in a low-grade inflammatory state, obesity Department of Endocrinology and other metabolic disorders. Adding prebiotics to the diet may reduce inflam- Diabetes, University Campus Bio- Medico, Rome, Italy mation, endotoxaemia and cytokine levels as well as improving insulin resistance 4 and glucose tolerance. The administration of prebiotics such as fermentable die- International Association Un Punto tary fibres, promotes glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY (anorexigenic) and Macrobiotico, Tolentino, Italy decreases ghrelin (orexigenic). In a recent 21-day, intervention study in patients *Correspond