The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Respiratory Infections and Allergy and Asthma英文电子书.pdf

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep (2010) 10:21–28 DOI 10.1007/s11882-009-0078-2 The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Respiratory Infections and Allergy and Asthma Peter McGuirk Sarah C. Higgins Kingston H. G. Mills Published online: 14 January 2010 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 Abstract The role of distinct CD4+ T-cell populations in responses to self-antigens, leading to autoimmune diseases, regulating the nature and strength of immune responses is immune response to food antigens in the intestine, or well documented and in the past has principally focused on exaggerated immune responses to benign environmental the cross-regulation of T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells, antigens. The existence of suppressor T cells and their role which secrete interferon-γ and interleukin-4, respectively. in the maintenance of immune homeostasis was first proposed However, the identification of T cells capable of suppressing in the early-1970s [ 1]. However, the field eventually responses mediated by Th1 and Th2 cells, termed regulatory T foundered because these T cells could not be phenotyped, cells (Treg cells), has prompted a paradigm shift in our and attempts to clone the putative suppressor T cells failed. understanding of the regulation of immune responses to Following the rediscovery of suppressor T cells as infection and environmental antigens. This article focuses on regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the mid-1990s, it is now the role of Treg cells in the lungs following infection with fully accepted that distinct subtypes of CD4+ T cells, respiratory pathogens and discusses the targeting of Treg cells discriminated on the basis of phenotype or cytokine secretion, in the development of