Comorbidity of Substance Abuse with Other Psychiatric disorders英文电子书.pdf

Neurotoxicity Research, 2007, VOL. 12(1). pp. 17-27 F.P. Graham Publishing Co. Comorbidity of Substance Abuse with Other Psychiatric Disorders TOMAS PALOMO^ TREVOR ARCHER^ RICHARD M. KOSTRZEWA and RICHARD J. BENINGER* Servicio Psiquiatrico, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Cordoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain: Dept. Psychology, Univ. Goteborg, Box 500, SE-40530 Goteborg, Sweden; ^Dept. Pharmacology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State Univ., Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; Depts. Psychology and Psychiatry, Queens Univ., Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada. beninger@post.queensu.ca (Submitted 26 February 2007; In final form 6 March 2007) Substance abuse is a frequent comorbid condi- activation in the ventral striatum during reward tion with other psychiatric disorders including anticipation in functional magnetic resonance schizophrenia and depression. These disorders imaging studies. These observations implicate may share a common substrate at the neu- common prefrontal cortical-striatal circuits and rotransmitter or neurocircuit level. One candi- their modulation by hippocampal projections in date is hypofunction of the glutamate system. schizophrenia and substance abuse. Withdrawal Several lines of evidence suggest that N-methyl- from substance abuse and depression both have D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors may hypofunc- been linked to changes in the function of several tion in schizophrenia. Thus, NMDA receptor neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopa- antagonists are schizophrenogenic; postmortem mine and glutamate. These findings suggest