Nasal cytokines as mediators of illness during the common cold英文电子书.pdf

Nasal Cytokines As Mediators of Illness During the Common Cold William J. Doyle, PhD, David P. Skoner, MD, and Deborah Gentile, MD Address (eg, cytokines, chemokines) [6–9] have been performed Allegheny Hospital, 320 East North Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA. by numerous laboratories, and the results related to E-mail: dskoner@ extant symptom/sign expression. In turn, temporal corre- Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 2005, 5: 173–181 lations between signal (chemical) and response (symp- Current Science Inc. ISSN 1529-7322 tom/sign) were often interpreted in terms of causal Copyright © 2005 by Current Science Inc. mediation and, therefore, as potential targets for pharma- cologic modulation of the response. The most established Identification of a pharmacologically targeted mediator of success of this method is with its application to seasonal the common cold is a desirable, but, to date, elusive goal of nasal allergy in which the identification of signal chemi- current research. The roles of various mediators, such as cals “causally” related to symptom/sign expression (eg, histamine, leukotrienes, bradykinin, and, more recently, histamine) led to the development of efficacious “treat- chemokines and cytokines, in the pathophysiology and ments.” However, that method fared less well in applica- development of complications of the common cold are the tion to diseases with an underlying infectious etiology, subject of previous and current investigations. Establishing such as otitis media [5], sinusitis [10], and viral