论美国黑人对历史的影响.doc

摘 要 在美国历史上，黑人的影响是巨大的。19世纪以前，在南方的奴隶制度还没有废除的时候，大量的黑人就通过辛勤的劳动为美国农业的发展做出很大的贡献。但是当时，北方的黑人在美国独立后即已获得自由。在美国立国后不久，他们就获得了选举权等政治权利。 南北战争结束后，美国黑人开始全面参政，很多地方都有了黑人的议员，市长，州长，国会议员，现在的两届国务卿。而大量解放了的黑人进入工厂，又为美国工业的发展做出了贡献。 在两次世界大战中，大量黑人参军，他们为了美国和世界的和平与自由，牺牲在战场上。黑人体力好，所以，在田径，篮球等体育运动上，为美国争取了很多荣誉。 至于文化，黑人的影响也很大。蓝调，爵士乐，HIP POP等，都起源于黑人音乐。而黑人作家，好莱坞演员也很多。近几届的奥斯卡奖就很青睐黑人。  Abstract In the history of the United States, American--Africans influence is huge. Until the 19th century, when the slavery has not been abolished , black Americans have made great contributions to American agriculture by working very hard. But in the United States, the black in the north had become free after the War of Independence. Soon after the War of Independence, they have gained extensive political rights?such as the right to vote. After War between Northern and Southern states in the U.S, black Americans began to participate in the management of State affairs, they became the Congressmen, the mayors, the Governors,the Secretaries of State , and even the President of the USA, President Obama for instance. Numerous black workers were working in the factory, which made tremendous contribution to the American industry. In both World Wars, a lot of black Americans enrolled themselves in the army, they shed their blood for peace and freedom of the U.S and the whole world. The blacks are very good at sports, such as field and track or football, they won great honor for the U.S. As to culture, they also have a very deep influence. The blues, jazz, HIP POP, etc, are all originated among Black Americans. There are lots of black writers as well as black actors, a lot of whom won the Oscars. Key words：Black people ; history; contribution 目 录 第1章 概 述 1 1.1 写作意图 1 第2章 美国黑人 2 2.1 美国黑人及其历史 2 2.2 有贡献的美国黑人 4 第3章 美国黑人对政治与经济的影响 6 3.1 美国内战 6 3.2 美国内战中的黑人英雄 8 第4章 黑人文化 9 4.1 黑人音乐 9 4.2 街舞 10 结 论 11 参考文献 12 致 谢 13 Contents Chapter1 Outline 1 1.1 Intention of writing 1 Chapter 2 American--African 2 2.1 Amer