系统解剖学课件 2PPT.ppt

★ （四）　 Shoulder joint 肩关节 ——典型的多轴球窝关节 组成 Composition : 肱骨头、肩胛骨的关节盂 head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula 结构特点: 1. 关节囊 薄而松弛，尤其是下部。 Thin and lax, especially lower part 肱二头肌长头腱在结节间滑膜鞘内穿过关节囊 Tendon of long head of biceps brachii passes though the cavity 滑膜层可形成滑膜囊或者滑膜鞘 ★ （四）　 Shoulder joint 肩关节 ——典型的多轴球窝关节 辅助构造 Accessory structures 盂唇Glenoid labrum: fibrocartilaginous ring on periphery of glenoid cavity 喙肱韧带Coracohumeral ligament ：runs from coracoid process to greater tubercle 运动Movements: 屈伸、收展、旋转和环转。 flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction ★ （五）　 Elbow joint 肘关节 组成 Composition : 肱骨下段和尺骨、桡骨上端构成 lower end of humerus, upper ends of radius and ulna Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节: humeroulnar joint 肱桡关节: Humeroradial joint 桡尺近侧关节: proximal radioulnar joint 结构特点: 1. 关节囊 两侧壁厚而紧张，并有韧带加强；前后壁薄而松弛，后壁最薄。 thin and lax anteriorly and posteriorly, strongly thickened on either side by collateral ligaments ★ （五）　肘关节 Elbow joint 2 韧带 Ligaments: 桡侧副韧带 Radial collacteral ligament 尺侧副韧带Ulnar collacteral ligamentAnnular ligament of radius 桡骨环状韧带Movements: flexion and extension, pronation and supination 运动 movement 以屈伸为主，还可以做旋前和旋后运动。 flexion and extension, pronation and supination （六）桡尺连结 Joints between radius and ulna 桡尺近侧关节 Proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节 Distal radioulnar joint 前臂骨间膜 Interosseous membrane of forearm ★ （六）桡腕关节 Radiocarpal joint ——典型的椭圆关节 组成 Composition : 结构特点: 1. 关节囊 松弛，关节的前、后和两侧均有韧带加强。 lax and strengthened by surrounding ligament 运动 Movements : 屈伸、收展和环转 flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction 腕骨间关节 Intercarpal joints—属于微动关节 腕掌关节Carpometacarpal joints: ★拇指腕掌关节Carpometacarpal joint of thumb — 组成 composition: 大多角骨和第一掌骨底构成 — 运动 Movement: 屈伸、收展和环转 flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and opposition 掌骨间关节Intermetacarpal joints 掌指关节M