北师大版高中英语必修四第6讲：Unit11 The Media-语法篇（学生版）.docxVIP

Unit 11 The Media 语法篇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、被动语态。2、动名词。被动语态当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语部分需用被动语态形式，即“系动词be+过去分词”。例：English is spoken all over the world today.被动语态常用于需要强调动作的承受者；不知道谁是动作的执行者，没有必要说出动作的执行者以及科技文章中。例：The bridge was made of stones.各种时态的被动语态时态 被动语态一般现在时am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 will be + 过去分词过去将来时 would be + 过去分词现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词过去完成时 had been + 过去分词例：I f they are caught, they will die.We shall be punished if we break the rule.A computer center is being built for the students.All the broken windows have been repaired.被动语态的特殊结构①含有情态动词的被动语态。其结构为：can/may/must/need/should/… + be + 过去分词例：The children should be taken good care of.②带有双宾语动词的被动语态，一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。例：He was given a person by his mother for his brother.③带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）动词的被动语态构成，一般是将宾语变为被动语态中的主语。例：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.④感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等和使役动词have, make, let等后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但其被动语态不定式要带to。例：A stranger was seen to walk into that building.⑤一些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，在被动语态中，介词和动词不可以省略。The meeting was put off till Friday.动名词动名词由动词+ing构成，否定形式为not doing, 具有动词的特点，可以带有宾语和补语，同时具有名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可以充当主语，宾语，表语和定语。作主语例：Seeing is believing.作表语例：My job is teaching.作宾语①admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can’t help, can’t stand等动词或词组后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。例：What environment do you enjoy working in?Can you imagine doing such work?②forget, remember, mean, regret, go on, stop, try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事regret to do sth. 遗