北师大版高中英语选修八第6讲：Unit23 Conflict-语法篇（教师版）.docxVIP

Unit 23Conflict语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、将来完成时2、过去完成时3、现在完成进行时4、现在分词的完成式5、情态动词+have done将来完成时构成：shall/will + have + done (shall用于第一人称)用法：表示在将来某一时刻已经发生的动作，它常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如“by+将来时间”等，也可以与when或by the time引导的一般现在时态的从句连用。例：When they arrive tomorrow afternoon, I will have already left.By the time you get home, I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.过去完成时构成：had done用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by, before等引导的介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在语境中。例：Lily had learned some English before she came to London.The play had already started when we got to the theatre.By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients.现在完成进行时构成：have/has been doing用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，可能刚停止，也可能继续进行。例：I have been staying with my family on the coast.He has been learning English for 6 years.温馨提示：现在完成时：强调动作开始于过去，并持续到现在或过去的动作对现在产生影响。现在完成进行时：强调动作的持续性，需使用延续性动词。例：I have broken a teapot.I have been practicing the piano.现在分词的完成式构成：having done用法：having done表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。现在分词的完成式主要用作状语，表示时间，原因等。①表示时间：Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us.②表示原因：Having been there once, she knew the place quite well.现在分词一般式与完成式的区别“现在分词一般式所表示的动词先于谓语动词发生，但两者之间没有时间间隔；而现在分词的完成式所表示的先于谓语的动作则与谓语的动作有时间间隔。例：Locking the door, she went out.Having lost his job, he began to interest himself in local voluntary work.延续性动词的现在分词一般式往往表示动作在发生过程中谓语动词动作发生，而当现在分词动作在谓语动作前发生且持续一段时间时，必须用现在分词的完成式。例：Having been his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from others.Searching the room, he found a wallet.情态动词+have done情态动词can/could(not), may/might(not)和must与have done连用，表示对过去事情的推测。He may/might not have known about it.情态动词could(not), should(not)与have done连用，翻译为“本…”.You should have faced the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?例1. —Tommy is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next time month, he _____ enough for a used one.savesB. savedC. w