Chapter V England under the Tudors文档.ppt

Chapter V England under the Tudors 组员：黄秋芬 肖伟 李思阳 宋长静 段芳燕 Contents The Consolidation of New Monarchy Reformation Elizabeth I The English Renaissance 亨利七世 Henry VII (English: Henry VII) (in 1457 January 28 - the island was settled in 1509 by April 21), king of England, in 1485 August 22 to the island was settled in 1509 by April 21, the Tudors (in a builder of Tudor dynasty). Law Enforcement and Justices of Peace Henrys principal problem was to restore royal authority in a realm recovering from the Wars of the Roses. He was content to allow the nobles their regional influence if they were loyal to him. However, his principal weapon was the Court of Star Chamber. Henry VII used Justices of the Peace on a large, nationwide scale. All Acts of Parliament were overseen by the Justices of the Peace. For example, Justices of the Peace could replace suspect jurors in accordance with the 1495 act preventing the corruption of juries. They were also in charge of various administrative duties, such as the checking of weights and measures. By 1509, Justices of the Peace were key enforcers of law and order for Henry VII. Wars of the Roses 1486年，亨利七世同约克王朝爱德华四世之女伊利莎白 (Elisabeth of York) 结婚，宣布约克和兰开斯特两大家族合并，长达30年的玫瑰战争结束。而两大家族的家徽－红白玫瑰也被合并为都铎玫瑰(Tudor Rose),红白相间。现今如果注意英国王室纹章或者英国国徽，也可以看到上面的红白相间的都铎玫瑰。 星室法庭 15至17世纪英国最高司法机构。1487年英王亨利七世创设，因该法庭设立在威斯敏斯特王宫中一座屋顶饰有星形图案的大厅中，故名。当时是专门惩治不效忠国王，甚至阴谋叛乱的贵族。成员由枢密院官员、主教和高级法官组成，直接受国王操纵。其职权范围不断扩大，刑罚手段非常残酷。革命前它成为专制王权用来迫害清教徒的工具。英国资产阶级革命爆发后，1641年7月5日，长期国会通过决议撤销这一反动机构。 Henry VII(1485-1509) 1、military: the Star Chamber 2、political: organize an efficient tax system, built up the Privy Council(枢密院） 3、judicial: increase the powers of the JP Inns of Court 4、economic: encourage the weaving industry encourage the ship-building encourage adventurous merchants to explore new lands Reformation the Church of Middle Ages It was a religious body that had a politi