断句译法Cutting or Division.ppt

Cutting or Splitting 断句译法 Long Sentences Definition: A long sentence is one composed of many words arranged in a complex structure and conveying different layers of meanings. Translation of long English or Chinese sentences involves, not only the mixed application of various techniques, but also the careful analysis of their grammatical structures and logic sequences. That is to say, on the one hand, to achieve accurate comprehension a translator should take pains to analyze the logic sequence of a long sentence in addition to its grammatical relation; on the other hand, to achieve adequate representation, a translator should make no less efforts to rearrange various parts according to the Chinese or English way of logical thinking than to apply various translation techniques such as Diction, Conversion, Amplification, Omission, Repetition, Inversion, Negation, Division and Condensation. 1. The Characteristics of Long English Sentences 1). Long English sentences are generally built in “architectural style”, that is, more attention is paid to the construction of “space structures” often regardless of time sequences, actual or logical. 2). Basic structures (in five patterns, namely S+V, S+V+P, S+V+O, S+V+O+O, S+V+O+C) are often employed as mainstays, with words, phrases or clause as members of sentences, then join, directly or indirectly, various kinds of connective-nexus composed of words phrases or clauses as quite similar to a tree (the basic structure) with the branches (modifiers served by adjectives, adverbs, etc.) stretching out in all directions. 2). Various parts in long English sentences are normally generally arranged in hypotaxis, namely, the wide use of great variety of connectives, such as prepositions, conjunctions, relative pronouns, relative adverbs; prepositional phrases (prepositions combined with nouns, etc.) 3). Long English sentences are characterized by the